March 2025

When I first learned about how computers work behind the scenes, the concept of interrupts blew my mind. At first glance, it seemed like just another technical term. However, as I dug deeper, I realized interrupts play a key role in how efficiently a computer operates. They help the processor react quickly to unexpected events. As a result, systems can multitask, respond in real-time, and recover from errors more effectively. In this post, I’ll walk you through what interrupts are, how they work, and why they matter so much in modern computing.

When I started exploring how computers send data without getting it scrambled, I kept hearing the term parity bit. Naturally, I asked myself, what is a parity bit and why does it matter so much? A parity bit, also called a check bit, is a tiny tool with a big job. It adds one bit to binary data. That one bit helps us spot errors in transmission. It’s like adding a checksum to a message—simple, fast, and effective. Now let’s dive deeper. I’ll walk you through how it works, where we use it, and what its limits are.

Ever wondered how your computer manages to juggle so many tasks at once? I did too. That’s when I discovered a powerful technique called direct memory access. It changed the way I understood performance in modern systems. With it, devices talk to memory directly—without bothering the CPU every time. Sounds efficient, right? Let me walk you through it.

When I first learned about computers, I thought they were magical machines. After all, how could something so small store photos, music, videos, and games? It felt almost impossible. But the truth is surprisingly simple. At the heart of every computer lies something tiny, yet powerful. It’s called a Flipflop. In this post, I’ll take you on a journey. I’ll show you how a Flipflop stores just one bit. Then I’ll explain how billions of these tiny components work together to deliver the full computing power we rely on every day. Along the way, I’ll use practical examples to make everything clear.

When I write programs, one thing matters more than most: clarity. That’s where subroutines come into play. They allow me to structure code into reusable blocks. But using them correctly means knowing how to pass data in—and how to get results out. This is where many beginners get stuck. So in this article, I’ll walk you through how it’s done in several real-world programming languages.

Let me take you behind the scenes of something powerful yet often hidden in plain sight—subroutines. You’ve likely used them indirectly without even realizing it. Every time a computer executes a repeating task, chances are, a subroutine is involved. Now, let’s explore what subroutines are, how they function, and why they’re a vital piece of the puzzle in computer science.

When I first explored low-level computing, one concept instantly stood out to me—stack pointers. Although they might sound intimidating at first, I quickly realized just how crucial they are for processing subroutines and handling interrupts. As a result, I decided to dive deeper. Because the more I learned, the more I appreciated the elegance behind their operation. In this post, I will walk you through the essence of stack pointers, how they function, and why they matter. Let’s explore this fascinating mechanism together.

When I first started learning about computer architecture, I stumbled across a term that kept appearing again and again — processor register. At first, it sounded like just another technical term. But soon, I realized it plays a vital role in every single computing process. So, I decided to dig deeper and share my insights with you. Before we dive into the different types of processor registers, let’s step back for a moment. Let’s understand how processors are structured and where registers fit into the big picture.

What is an offset? You might have heard this term in programming or computer architecture. Offsets play a crucial role in how a CPU processes instructions efficiently. They help with memory access, branching, and executing programs smoothly. Without offsets, programs would be rigid, slow, and wasteful.

When I first started exploring how computers really work, I was fascinated by how they connect to the outside world. I wondered how my keyboard inputs reached the screen so quickly or how data zipped from a hard drive to my memory. It all boils down to one crucial element: the In-/Output Interface. This often-overlooked component acts as the bridge between the system and the environment. Because of it, devices communicate smoothly, fast, and without chaos.