An error is a human action or decision that produces an incorrect result.
For example, a developer may misunderstand a requirement and implement the wrong rule. Likewise, a user may enter an incorrect value.
An error can introduce a fault into a requirement, design, or software component. In contrast, a failure occurs when a system delivers an incorrect result during operation.
Teams identify such problems through reviews, inspections, and tests. Next, they analyse the root cause. Then, they correct the affected work product and verify the result.
The impact depends on factors such as severity, frequency, and criticality. Therefore, teams usually address mistakes in safety, security, or essential functions first.
Clear distinctions between human mistakes, faults, and failures improve analysis, communication, and corrective action.
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